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I N STANLEY 8v W A STEDMAN GAS RETORT FURNAGE Paten N m m .f w w XII. f1. .HY .y N. y m l 0 Q y Unirse STATI-3s ATENT einen.

IRA VN:.Srlh-XNLEY, OF BROOKLYN, NEWv YORK, AND VILLIM A. NTEDMAN,

on Nnwronfr, l nnonn isLAivn.

GAS-marcar .FURNACE- EPCIFICATIGN forming part of LettersPatent No. 293,107, dated February 5,1881.

' l Applicalion filed October 2, 1883. (No model.) 7, l

To @ZZ whom t may concern: Be itknownthatwe, IRAN. STANLEY, of Brooklyn, Kingsicounty, inthe State of N ew` Yorkgand XVILLIAM A. Srnnimimof New- 5'port, inthe county of NewportandState of Rhode" Island, have inventedcertain new and useful `Improvements in Gas-Rctort Furnaces,

` of whichthe following is a specication.

The invention applies to benches containing f any numberlof retorts. .XVe ntilizethe heat of theescaping gases to heat the incoming air and water. e f e i The `invention relates 'to means for heating the air which is supplied to the furnace through i 5 the grate, thereby adding materially to the economy;` to means for warming water which.

is exposed in a pan `below thegrate, thereby.

increasing the measure of steam to mingle with the air for combustion, andkeeping a cleaner 2o and brighter fire; means for warming the water by traversing itthrough pipes exposed to the 5 hot gases before its admission to the pan,

thereby .further H increasing the volume of steamgithe `arrangement of flues at the back e ofthe furnace forutilizing that space as an air-warming chamber; the employment of peculiarly-chambered tiles to form the passages for the air in the last part of its course, where it is most highly heated, thereby reducing the 3o number of joints; andthe employment ofthin iron as a means for sealingHh joints Jin the several flucs', and increasing the durability and efficiency of the apparatus.

. The following is a description of what we consider the best means of carrying out the invention.

Theaccompanying drawings form a part of this specification. e

Figure Il is averticalsection on thelinewzr,

` 4o Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is avertical section on the line 'y y), Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on 'the liner t, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontal seetion on the line s s in Fig. l. The remaining figures show portions on a larger scale. Fig.

" 5 is a perspective view of one of the perforated tiles which we employ toform` certain air-passages in the last and hottestportion of the air traverse. Fig. 6 isa vertical section through two of these tiles. Fig. 7 isa per- 5o spective view, showing the arrangement of the tiles forming the horizontal partitions between certain flues, and a portion of one of the plates of iron which we employ to seal the joints.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures where they occur. 5 5

l Referring to the drawings, A A are retorts,

only two of which are shown. It will be understood that there are others, at` ahigher,

'e level, arranged in any ordinary` or suitable `manner, to allow the gas from the furnace to 6o bathe them while at their highest temperature,

and impart to them the intense heat necessary to the rapid and economical production of gas. The retorts may be charged and emptied 'from this furnace and circulate through the space ai arou'nd and between the retorts A; thence they. divide and, descending, traverse backward and forward, and impart their heat 8o to the incoming air in flues arranged each side of the furnace. The two sides are similar each `to the other. A description of one` side will suffice for both. The hot gases are received and move forward in a fine, dgunder the lower 8 5 retortathence they descend at the front through a passage, (not shown,) and move backward through a divided flue, d3, at the rear, descend through apassage, (not showin) and come forward through a single flue, d. they are transferred through an aperture and move backward through a flue, di. `Down to this point the constructions on the two sides of vthe furnace are exact counterparts of each other; but from this point onward there'are 95 differences in the two sides. l We will describe both together. At the rear they descend through-passages d; one on each side, (see Figs. 3 and 4,) and move forward through passages dy (See Figs. l and 3.) Atthe front roo each nieves across from one side of the appa- `ratus to the other through broad passages da,

Near the front 9o and thence move backward to passages d, and l c into a passage, c, which leads it backward.

are discharged into fines or uptakes do, which communicate with the stack, (not represented, andconduct the gases away. On the righthand side ofthe bench the flue di, which comes forward, is innermost, or lies next to the thick wall of. the furnace. `rlhe transverse passage diwhich carries the gases from the right-hand side of the bench, traverses across under the rear of the furnace, `and the corresponding flue, d, which carries away the gases, is innermost on the left side. On the left-hand side the passage d? is exterior next to the Aouter wall of the bench. The connecting-passage d8, which carries the gases across from the leftside, is under the front end of the furnace, and the passage 7c on the ri ght-hand side is outside next to the wall of the furnace. It carries the gases which are received from the left-hand side backward, and discharges them into the flue through the uptake d10 on the right-hand side. By this transference of the gases across under the furnace we secure heat for evaporating water, as will appear further on. All these flues are made of sufficient area and allow the gases to move freely. Vith a good draft we experience no dificul ty in traversing the gases through this circuitous route, and also in drawing inthe air to the furnace through the several sets of air-passages to be now described. In each side ofthe top of the furnace we supply fresh air intenselyT heated to complete the combustion of -the gases rising from the furnace. Wb heat the air for this purpose by closely associating other fines with the fines containingthe products of combustion at a high heat. In each side of the space below the grate, sometimes denominated the ash-pit, 7 7 we supply the air moderately heated to move up through the grate and supportthe combustion of the coke resting thereon. The combustion of this coke proceeds in the ordinary manner, except thatit receivesair warmed by close association with the products of combustion at a late stage when their temperature is somewhat lowered.

rlhe provisions for heating the air to be introduced to the gases above the fire resemble the construction set forth in the patent to us dated May 16, 1883, No. 257,901: The air is received from the external atmosphere at the front, moves backward through the horizontal iiue e, is transferredat the rear to ya parallel flue, e', in which it comes forward* It rises at the front and enters the outermost of a series of parallel passages which are formed by peculiarly-constructed tiles B. Each tile is of the proper size and form to extend from the furnace-wall, where it begins to contract at the top, to the exterior wall of the bench.y

Each is provided with rectangular passages,

' and the end which is presente-d against the furnace may beopen to allow thc air to be4 discharged into the furnace. The motion of the gases in these passages across these tiles will' be readily :understood "It is received through an uptake at the front from the flue grate.

point. `through the pipe H shall be somewhatin ex- At the back it is transferred into the parallel passage e, which leads it forward. It is transferred at the front into the passage et, which carries it backward; thence it is transferred at the rear into the passage e, which brings it forward; thence it is discharged through the lateral openings at c? into the furnace, where it mingles with the gases and supplies oxygen to complete the combustion andfurther intensify the heat. Entirely distinct from the passages which heat the air to be thus received above the fire are the series of passages ff', &c., which heat the air to be discharged into the ash-pit `and come up through the These i'lues'l also, on the two sides, are the reverse of each other, so as to exactly correspond. lThe air is received on one side from the external atmosphere at a low point in the front. lt traverses rearward through the fluef. (Shown in Eig. l, and in dotted lines in Eig; 3.) Each passage f pours its air into a considerable vertical chamber, f. (See Figs. 2, 3, and el.) The top of .this chamberv communicates, as shown in Eig. 2, with another vertical chamber, fl, in which it descends. The bottom of f 2 discharges its air through a lateral flue, f. (SeeFig. 4.) rlhence it traverses forward through j, backward -through f5, and forward through f6. From the latter it is discharged -into the ash-pit or space below the grate through a series of orifices, j?. These passages divide the air into a series of narrow' streams favorably conditioned for absorbing and mingling with the vapor rising from the heated water below, and the mixture of warm air and steam rises through the grate.

Gis an open-topped vessel or pan of wroughtiron or other suitable material, kept partially iilled with water. The products of combustion, in traversing across from one side to the other of the apparatus, (see Fig. 2,) are presented to and bathe the under side and a part of the vertical sides of this pan. The water is supplied to the pan G through a pipe, H, which traverses backward and forward in the several fines dl d8 d.' A valve, H, controls the flow of the water through this pipe froman elevated reservoir or other convenient source. (Not represented.) rlhe water becomes heated ,in

traversing the severalconvolutions of thepipe H, and when at the end the pipe rises and discharges it inward over the edge of the pair G, it should be nearly or quite up to the boiling- If the heat received during its passage cess ofthis, and shall generate even a considerable quantity of steam which shall pour in mingled with water, no harm will result. The steam will separate at the mouth of the pipe and add directly to the quantity mingling with 'the air and going up through the grate, while the-water will fallinto the pan, and, being at the boiling-point, initiate a high temperature,

, which makes it easier for the hot gases travers-I ling under the pan t0 subsequently evaporate the whole.

IOO.

IIO

G is an overiiow-pipe,.which discharges the the part immediately adjacent thereto to bewater` in some manner, so asto direct attention y in case the cock H shall be opened too widely.

The air traversing in the several air passages or fines receives Aheat mainly Vfrom the hot gaseous products of combustion traversing the several fines which. are intimately associated "y joints.`

\ heat of the retort.

4durability of the apparatus.

oifsandwiched therewith.4 The air, in ascend-k ing through the chambers f and descending through f2, receives heat from the several flues (l3 and di which traverse the sides. Some heat is also transmitted by` conduction from the furnace to the` air in all the flues, passages, or chambers 5 but the walls immediately surrounding the furnace should be so thick that the heat of the gases rising from the furnace will not be appreciably lowered by such con duction. y, The construction of thelayer of airiiues c e4 e5 c from tiles extending continuously from the side of the furnace-wall to the exterior of the bench goes far to promote the These ilues are at the point of the highest heat. They receive the air already raised, in temperature by its previous passage through the flues c ci. Their upper edges are exposed to the hottest flue, cl2. Their lower edges are exposed to the flues, d, where the gases" are still very hot. To produce these ues e" et, Src., by separate bricks would greatly increase the risk of the joint becoming open. It is important to maintain these iiues in as tight a condition as possible.

The tile having apertures which match ,to form the flues greatly reduces thc number of the Devices for a similar purpose have been produced, in which the furnace is located outside ofthe bench, in whichcold air is admitted directly to the steam over the water-pan. The mixture thus obtained is then heated and the same gases carried` forward and back. Our invention is different, in that we heat our air first, so that itwill'rather tend to superheat the steam. XVe admit our air at' apoint below all the nues and `allow the air to take heat from the brick-work without affecting the W'e pass different currents of hot gas in opposite directions under the pan, and we locate `our furnace within the bench. The abutting faces of the tiles B are 1 made to match into 4each other a little, (see Figs. 5 and 6,) which aids to keep t-he apertures through them in, perfect line, so as to form smooth andcontinuous passages. At the joints between the flat `tiles formingthe horizontal partitions between fines we `insert thin wrought-iron l. (See Figs. l and 7 This is embedded in thefire-clay in which the tiles are laid. 6o

`Wehavein our experiments used iron plates something less than a sixteenth of an inch thick. Being protected from access of the air, they will withstand the high temperature for a long period. Probably the material will remain and perform a useful function in aiding `to make the joints tight leven after a slight crack shall have reached them andallowed above communicates heat to the grate-bars,`

which a current of cold air rising through the grate enables it to endure. plied to the grate is heated, it `increases the risk of the grate becoming oveheated. Under some circumstances, as when a grate is freshly shaken and nne glowing cinders have been deposited, the grate is liable to sink. The water-pan, by receiving and extinguishing the cinders, aids to maintain the of heat which the grate can endure.

XVe attach importance to the provisions for heating the water and maintaining a nearly equable flow of hot air and steam to supply the nre. i

Automatic means, as a float in the pan G, may be provided for regulating ofA water; but the conditions' are so unfavorable for delicate apparatus that we prefer to regulate in ordinary cases by hand. f

Having now fully described our invention,

what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent as our improvement in a bench of gas-retorts, is-

1. In combination with the combustion chamber and ashpit, substantially as described, the series of hot-gas flues di di', &c., leading to the chimney and embracing the cross-nue d8, connecting the fines d7 and dg, as shown, the air-fines e e, &c., alternating with the hot-gas dues and connecting withthe upper part of the combustion-chamber d and the air-iiuesffif, Src., alternating with the hot-gas iiuesland connecting with the ash-pit, as and for the purposes set forth.

2. The open or uncovered water-pan G, exposed directly to the radiant heat from the iire above, and arranged to present its contents directly to currents of preyiously-heated air flowing to the grate, in combination with the two fines d8 and independent conneo.

tions therefrom conducting separate streams of hot products of combustions in opposite di` .l

rections under the pan, as herein specied.

3c In a gas-furnace, substantially as` described, the combination of the water-pipe H and controlling means H', and the water-pan G,with the fines dl dg and their connections di" witheach other, forth.

4. In combination with the furnace, the hot air flues d2 d3, &c., and the series of air-fiues e e2 &c., arranged as described, the fines d7 as and for the purposes set moderate degree the reception IOO 4 I 292Mo? and d, connected by the ilues d, the air-fines fftff, &c., having the vertical fiucsff,

as set forth.

5..` The series of chanibered .tiles B', arranged with their apertures connecting to form air-lines, in combination with the hot iiuesv dz d3, and with the flues cc, bringing partially-heated air, and arranged to discharge the air intensely heated into the furnace, sub-V stantially as herein specified.

6. The metallic joint-plc tes I, in combination with suitable tiles, arranged to break joints with the tiles and to aid in preventing any flow of air through the joints, substair' tially as herein specified.

7.A In a gas apparatus, the flues d2 d, &c.,for conducting hot gaseous products of combustionjflues e e?, Src., for conducting fresh air near the former, so as to be heated thereby, water-pan. G, withprovisions for heating it to generate steam, andya fire-grate, C, supporting the fuel for combustion, arranged substantially as shown, whereby previously-heated air from the fines c', Snc., lningles with the steam and the mixture is drawn directly 25 through the grate, all substantially as herein specified.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands, at New York, N. Y., this 24th day of September, '1883, in the presence of two 3o subscribing witnesses.

IRA N. STANLEY. WM. A. STEDMAN.

Vitnesses:

CHARLES R. SEARLE, M. F. BoYLn. 

